This is a Provisional Application for a Patent. The Patent application has not been examined.

United States Provisional Application for a Patent

System and Method For Sensing Aircraft and Other Objects

Application Number 61/256,765

Filed 10/30/2009

Jed Margolin


The Patent Office requires that the Abstract be one paragraph. I have separated it here into parts to make it clearer:

[113]               ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

The reliability and safety of TCAS and ADS-B are improved by using the signals transmitted from a TCAS or ADS-B unit as a radar transmitter with a receiver used to receive reflections. With a standard omni-directional antenna the reflections can be used to determine the range of other aircraft and match the range and number of targets to the TCAS or ADS-B signals normally received. Doppler analysis can be used to confirm the speeds of the targets. With a directional antenna the TCAS or ADS-B system provides the range and bearing of aircraft and other objects in the vicinity of the user’s aircraft even when other aircraft are not equipped with TCAS or ADS-B.

Aircraft and other objects using spread spectrum radar are detected by using two separate receiving systems. Cross-Correlation between the outputs of the two receiving systems reveals whether a noise signal is produced by the receiving systems themselves or is coming from the outside.

A system and method for sensing aircraft and other objects uses bistatic radar with spread-spectrum signals transmitted from remotely located sources such as aircraft flying at very high altitudes or from a satellite constellation. Only authorized users will have the encryption key and be able to use the system.

A bistatic spread spectrum radar system using a satellite constellation can be integrated with a communications system.

 

I did the drawings with some colored lines to make some of the figures clearer. The Patent Office doesn't like color so I gray-scaled the version I filed.

The version I have attached is the color version. Otherwise it is the same as the version I filed.

 

Jed Margolin

Virginia City Highlands, NV

October 31, 2009


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References


The listed links are the original links. In some cases they may be broken. The PDF version was made from the original link.

Ref. 1:   14 CFR § 91.113(b)  Right-of-way rules: Except water operations.   http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=4f09aa904bfbb808de07eada6cb86e5a&rgn=div8&view=text&node=14:2.0.1.3.10.2.4.7&idno=14

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Ref. 2:  14 CFR § 91.115(a)   Right-of-way rules: Water operations.   http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=4f09aa904bfbb808de07eada6cb86e5a&rgn=div8&view=text&node=14:2.0.1.3.10.2.4.8&idno=14

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Ref. 3:   U.S. Patent 4,782,450 Method and apparatus for passive airborne collision avoidance and navigation issued November 1, 1988 to Flax.

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Ref. 4:  Introduction to TCAS II Version 7, United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration November 2000.   www.arinc.com/downloads/tcas/tcas.pdf

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Ref 5:   U.S. Patent 5,153,836 Universal dynamic navigation, surveillance, emergency location, and collision avoidance system and method, Fraughton, et al., October 6, 1992.

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Ref. 6:  Gulf of Mexico Helo Ops Ready for ADS-B, Aviation Week & Space Technology, Francis Fiorino, 02/26/2007, page 56.

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Ref. 7:   U. S. Patent 5,187,485 Passive ranging through global positioning system, Tsui, et al., February 16, 1993.

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Ref. 8:  Test Results from a Novel Passive Bistatic GPS Radar Using a Phased Sensor Array, Alison Brown and Ben Mathews, NAVSYS Corporation, Proceedings of ION NTM 2007, San Diego, CA, January 2007.  www.navsys.com/Papers/07-01-002.pdf

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Ref. 9:  U.S. Patent 5,724,041 Spread spectrum radar device using pseudorandom noise signal for detection of an object issued March 3, 1998 to Inoue,  et al.

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Ref. 10:  Shift Register With Feedback Generates White Noise,  Marc Damashek, Electronics magazine, May 27, 1976.

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Ref. 11:  U.S. Patent 4,195,293 Random dot generator for raster scan video displays issued March 25, 1980 to Margolin.

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Ref. 12:   U.S. Patent 3,986,168 Multichannel error signal generator issued October 12, 1976 to Anderson.

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Ref. 13:  U.S. Patent 3,515,805 Data scrambler issued June 2, 1970 to Fracassi et al.

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Ref. 14:  Shift Register Sequences, S. Golomb (Holden-Day Inc., San Francisco, 1967, and Aegean Park Press, 1982)

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Ref. 15:  The ABCs of Spread Spectrum - A Tutorial, Randy Roberts, Director of RF/Spread Spectrum Consulting.    http://sss-mag.com/ss.html

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Ref. 16:  Undetectable Radar? (Probably Not), Erik Hundman, Defensetech.org, August 3, 2006. http://www.defensetech.org/archives/002641.html

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Ref. 17:  From a Different Perspective: Principles, Practice, and Potential of Bistatic Radar by H.D. Griffiths, Dept. of Electron. & Electr. Eng., Univ. Coll. London, UK; Radar Conference, 2003. Proceedings of the International; Publication Date: 3-5 Sept. 2003; ISBN: 0-7803-7870-9; INSPEC Accession Number: 7892750

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Ref. 18:   Sensing Requirements for Unmanned Air Vehicles, AFRL's Air Vehicles Directorate, Control Sciences Division, Systems Development Branch, Wright-Patterson AFB OH,  June 2004, http://www.afrlhorizons.com/Briefs/Jun04/VA0306.html .

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Ref. 19:   Presentation entitled, Developing Sense & Avoid Requirements for Meeting an Equivalent Level of Safety (6MB | ppt), given by Russ Wolfe, Technology IPT Lead, Access 5 Project at UVS Tech 2006. 18 January 2006.

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Ref. 20:  Presentation Integration into the National Airspace System (NAS) given by John Timmerman of the FAA’s Air Traffic Organization (July 12, 2005)

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Ref. 21:  Zone Ready for Drone, April 7, 2006, on the web site for the FAA’s Air Traffic Organization Employees,     http://www.ato.faa.gov/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabindex=4&tabid=17&itemid=937&mid=103

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Ref. 22:  Quadrennial Roles and Missions Review Report, Department of Defense, January 2009.  Page 29 (PDF page 37)   www.defenselink.mil/news/Jan2009/QRMFinalReport_v26Jan.pdf

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Ref. 23:   Analog Devices, Inc. AD9481:  8-Bit, 250 MSPS, 3.3 V A/D Converter    http://www.analog.com/en/analog-to-digital-converters/ad-converters/ad9481/products/product.html

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Ref. 24:   Texas Instruments C6713B   http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tms320c6713b.html#features

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Ref. 25:  U.S. Patent 6,377,436 Microwave Transmission Using a Laser-Generated Plasma Beam Waveguide issued April 23, 2002 to Margolin.

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Ref. 26:  Simple Solutions for Hyperbolic and Related Position Fixes, Bertrand T. Fang, The Analytic Sciences Corp.; IEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,  Publication Date: Sep 1990; Volume: 26, Issue: 5; page(s): 748-753; ISSN: 0018-9251   https://svn.v2.nl/andres/Documentation/TDOA/Simple_Solutions_for_TDOA-fang.pdf

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Ref. 27:  Lissajous Figures, Jed Margolin, May 2001;  http://www.jmargolin.com/mtest/LJfigs.htm

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